Development history of molybdenum disulfide
Although graphene has many dazzling advantages, it also has flaws, especially it cannot be used as a semiconductor-this is the pillar of microelectronics. Chemists and data scientists are working to skip graphene and look for other sources. They are composing two other two-dimensional sheet materials that are both flexible and transparent, and have electronic properties that graphene cannot match, and molybdenum disulfide is one of them.
Molybdenum disulfide was formed in 2008 and is a member of the large family of transition metal disulfide materials (TMDs). This seemingly "fancy" name represents their structure: a transition metal atom (that is, a molybdenum atom) and a pair of atoms including sulfur and selenium from column 16 of the periodic table (the element family uses oxygen Family element).
To the surprise of electronics manufacturers, all TMDs are semiconductors. They are nearly as thin as graphene (in molybdenum disulfide, two layers of sulfur atoms sandwich a layer of molybdenum atoms in the center like a "sandwich"), but they have other strengths. As far as molybdenum disulfide is concerned, one of its strengths is the speed of electrons moving in the flat sheet, that is, the electron removal rate. The electron transfer rate of molybdenum disulfide is about 100cm2 / vs (that is, 100 electrons per square centimeter per volt second), which is much lower than the electron transfer rate of crystalline silicon at 1400 cm2 / vs. Semiconductors are moving faster, and scientists are studying these materials for future electronics, such as flexible displays and other electronics that can be stretched sensitively.
Studies have shown that molybdenum disulfide is also extremely easy to manufacture, even for large-scale 2D data. This allows engineers to test their functions in electronic products very quickly. For example, in 2011, a research team led by Andras Kis of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology published an article in "Natural-Nanotechnology" and stated that they made the first transistors with a single layer of molybdenum disulfide only 0.65 nanometers thick. The results prove that those products and subsequent products have other common attributes than the more technologically advanced silicon-based counterparts.
In addition, molybdenum disulfide has other fascinating properties, namely the direct band gap, which makes the material convert electrons into photons and vice versa. This feature also makes molybdenum disulfide a good candidate for optical devices such as light emitters, lasers, photodetectors, and even solar cells. Some scientists say that this data is also rich in reserves, cheap, and non-toxic.
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